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There are 14 species of amphibians 〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Mount Rainier National Park-Amphibians )〕 and 5 species of reptiles 〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Mount Rainier National Park-Reptiles )〕 known to occur in Mount Rainier National Park.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Amphibians and Reptiles of Mount Rainier )〕 ==Amphibians== * Family: Newts Salamandridae * * Rough-skinned newt (''Taricha granulosa'') is a North American newt known for its strong poison.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 ''Taricha granulosa granulosa – Rough-Skinned Newt'' )〕 Habitats of rough-skinned newts are found throughout the West Coast of the United States and British Columbia. Their range extends south to Santa Cruz, California and north to Alaska. They are uncommon east of the Cascade Mountains though occasionally found (and considered exotic, and possibly artificially introduced) as far as Montana. One isolated population lives in several ponds just north of Moscow, Idaho and were most likely introduced. * Family: Mole Salamanders Ambystomatidae * * Northwestern Salamander (''Ambystoma gracile'') inhabits the northwest Pacific coast of North America. These fairly large salamanders grow to 8.7 in (220 mm) in length. It is found from southeastern Alaska on May Island, through Washington and Oregon south to the mouth of the Gulala River, Sonoma County, California. It occurs from sea level to timberline, but not east of the Cascade Divide. * * Long-toed salamander (''Ambystoma macrodactylum'', Baird 1849)〔Originally described as ''Ambystoma macrodactyla''.〕 is a mole salamander. It is an ecologically versatile species living in a variety of habitats, ranging from temperate rainforests, coniferous forests, montane riparian, sagebrush plains, red fir forest, semi-arid sagebrush, cheatgrass plains, to alpine meadows along the rocky shores of mountain lakes. Adults can be located in forested understory, hiding under coarse woody debris, rocks, and in small mammal burrows. During the spring breeding season adults can be found under debris or the shoreline shallows of rivers, streams, lakes, and ponds. Ephemeral waters are often frequented.〔 * Family: Pacific Giant Salamanders Dicamptodontidae * * Coastal Giant Salamander (''Dicamptodon tenebrosus'') is a species of Pacific giant salamanders. Its natural habitats are temperate forests, rivers, freshwater lakes, and freshwater marshes. The Coastal Giant Salamander is endemic to the Pacific Northwest, found in Northern California, Oregon, Washington, and southern British Columbia. * * Cope's Giant Salamander (''Dicamptodon copei'') is a species of Pacific Giant Salamanders.〔John L. Behler and F. Wayne King. 1979〕 It is endemic to the Pacific Northwestern portion of the United States. It is found on the Olympic Peninsula, Washington. Its natural habitat is temperate forests, rivers, freshwater lakes, and freshwater marshes. It is threatened by habitat loss and human population expansion. * Family: Lungless Salamanders Plethodontidae * * Ensatina (''Ensatina eschscholtzii'') is a complex of plethodontid (lungless) salamanders.〔Wake, D. (1997) (Incipient species formation in salamanders of the ''Ensatina'' complex ) Proceedings of the National Academy of Science USA 94:7761-7767〕 found in coniferous forests, oak woodland and chaparral〔(Monterey Ensatina ) San Diego Field Station, United States Geological Survey Viewed: April 24, 2005, Last updated: March 05, 2003〕 from British Columbia, through Washington, Oregon, across California (where all seven subspecies variations are located), all the way down to Baja California in Mexico. * * Larch Mountain Salamander (''Plethodon larselli'') is a species of salamander in the family Plethodontidae. It is endemic to the United States. The Larch Mountain salamander occurs in the Cascade Mountains of southern Washington and northern Oregon. In Washington, it occurs from the Columbia River Gorge to just north of Snoqualmie Pass. Its natural habitats are temperate forests and rocky areas. * * Van Dyke's Salamander (''Plethodon vandykei'') is a salamander in the order Caudata and the family Plethodontidae. Like most terrestrial salamanders Van Dyke's Salamander lives near lakes, rivers, and streams under various objects such as rocks, logs, and bark. Salamanders' habitat range from wide open lowlands up to heavily wooded mountains. It is in this wood that they lay their eggs. The species is endemic to the western portion of the state of Washington, northern Idaho, and northwestern Montana in the U.S.A. It is predominantly located in hilly or mountainous regions such as the Olympic Hills, the Willapa Hills and the Cascade Mountains. * * Western Redback Salamander (''Plethodon vehiculum'') is a species of salamander in the family Plethodontidae. It is found in Canada and the United States. Its natural habitats are temperate forests and rocky areas. Colored stripe on back changes from red to yellow.〔 Hammerson, G. 2004. (Plethodon vehiculum )〕 * Family: Tailed Frogs Ascaphidae * * Rocky Mountain tailed frog (''Ascaphus montanus'') * Family: True Toads Bufonidae * * Western Toad (''Anaxyrus boreas'') more commonly known as ''Bufo boreas'' (both names accurate) is a large toad species, between 5.6 and 13 cm long, of western North America. The range of western toad extends from western British Columbia and southern Alaska south through Washington, Oregon, and Idaho to northern Baja California, Mexico; east to Montana, western and central Wyoming, Nevada, the mountains and higher plateaus of Utah, and western Colorado.〔Stebbins, R.C. 1951. Amphibians of western North America. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press〕 In the Pacific Northwest, the western toad occurs in mountain meadows and less commonly in Douglas-fir forests.〔Kricher, John C. 1993. A field guide to the ecology of western forests. The Peterson Field Guide Series No. 45. Boston, MA: Houghton Mifflin Company〕 * Family: Tree Frogs Hylidae * * Pacific Tree Frog (''Pseudacris regilla'') has a range from the West Coast of the United States (from Northern California, Oregon, and Washington) to British Columbia, in Canada. They live from sea level to more than 10,000 feet in many types of habitats, reproducing in aquatic settings. They are the only frogs that go "ribbit". They come in shades of greens or browns and can change colors over periods of hours and weeks. * Family: True Frogs Ranidae * * Cascades Frog (''Rana cascadae'') is a species of frog in the family Ranidae that is found in western United States and possibly Canada, mainly in the Cascade Range and Olympic Mountains. The Cascade frog was first discovered in the Cascade Mountains in the California regions. It can be found throughout the Cascade Mountains ranging from Washington through Oregon, and California. They concentrate heavily around the volcanic area of the peaks. Its natural habitats are temperate forests, temperate grassland, rivers, swamps, freshwater lakes, intermittent freshwater lakes, freshwater marshes generally between 665 m (2,180 ft) and 2,450 m (8,040 ft) elevation. The range may extend lower in Washington. * * Northern red-legged frog (''Rana aurora'') is a species of amphibian, whose range is the coastal region stretching from southwest British Columbia to Northern California, and is protected in British Columbia, Oregon and California.〔''California Wildlife, Volume I: Amphibians and Reptiles'', ed. by D.C. Zeiner et al., published by the California State Department of Fish and Game, May 2, 1988〕 As a member of the genus ''Rana'', this species is considered a true frog, with characteristic smooth skin and a narrow waist. This frog requires still waters for breeding, and is rarely found at any great distance from its breeding ponds or marshes. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Amphibians and reptiles of Mount Rainier National Park」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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